Drug use and trafficking in Armenia show worrying trends amid global spike

June 26 marks the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. As global and local data reveal, drug use is on the rise, posing serious public health and social risks.

According to the Heratsi Analytical Center at Yerevan State Medical University, drug addiction is becoming increasingly urgent in Armenia, requiring greater public awareness and evidence-based prevention efforts.

Globally, 284 million people aged 15-64 (roughly 5.6%) used drugs at least once in the past year. The most commonly used substances are cannabinoids (61%), opioids (18%), and amphetamines (10%). Injection drug use is also rising, with over 11 million users worldwide. Among them, one in eight has HIV and nearly half are infected with hepatitis C.

In North America, illegal circulation of synthetic opioids like fentanyl has reached record high levels, responsible for 69,000 overdose deaths. Methamphetamine trafficking has also expanded dramatically, now involving at least 117 countries.

A recent meta-analysis published in Heart medical journal (June 2025) links cannabis use to a 210% higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease, 29% higher risk of acute coronary syndrome and 20% higher stroke risk. This challenges myths around cannabis safety and highlights the need for regulatory approaches akin to those used for tobacco.

In Armenia, 2023 saw 244 new cases officially diagnosed with drug addiction – 8.2 per 100,000 people. Most (58%) were aged 28-49. A total of 7,346 individuals were under dispensary supervision for drug-related mental and behavioral disorders by year’s end, with over 50% involving cannabinoids and about 30% opioids.

Meanwhile, drug-related crimes surged by over 123%, from 2,266 cases in 2022 to 5,070 in 2023. Law enforcement confiscated 202 kg of various drugs, marking a sharp rise from the previous year.

Experts warn that internet-based drug distribution is making illicit substances more accessible than ever. Women now make up over 40% of non-medical drug users globally.

The Heratsi Center emphasizes the urgent need for prevention-focused investment, aligning with UN Sustainable Development Target 3.5. It includes creating safe environments, improving overdose response systems and expanding access to addiction treatment.